![]() ![]() For instance, in the back of a Warsh Qur’an, you are likely to find “the riwaya of Imam Warsh from Nafi’ al-Madini from Abu Ja’far Yazid ibn al-Qa’qa’ from ‘Abdullah ibn ‘Abbas from Ubayy ibn Ka’b from the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, from Jibril, peace be upon him, from the Creator.” Or in Hafs you will see “the riwaya of Hafs ibn Sulayman ibn al-Mughira al-Asadi al-Kufi of the qira’a of ‘Asim ibn Abi’n-Nujud al-Kufi from Abu ‘Abdu’r-Rahman ‘Abdullah ibn Habib as-Sulami from ‘Uthman ibn ‘Affan and ‘Ali ibn Abi Talib and Zayd ibn Thabit and Ubayy ibn Ka’b from the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace.” These all go back to the Prophet. Each qira’a derives its authority from a prominent leader of recitation in the second or third century hijri who in turn trace their riwaya or transmission back through the Companions of the Prophet. ![]() The qira’at or the readings, or methods of recitation, are named after the leader of a school of Qur’an reciters. What we mean by that is that this is the riwaya or Warsh or the riwaya of Hafs. When reading the Qur’an, we frequently refer to Warsh or Hafs and say, “This is Hafs” or “This is Warsh”.
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